Pharmacology NCLEX Questions

The nurse is preparing to administer insulin to a client with diabetes mellitus for which of the following purposes?

1. relief of disease manifestations

2. Preventive

3. health maintenance

4. curative

Correct!

Wrong!

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which of the following should the nurse include in the oral drug administration procedure?

1. administer a drug to a 3-year-old child as a capsule

2. administer two drugs at a time to an older adult client

3. administer a carbonated beverage over ice following a drug

4. administer a sustained action buccal drug under the tongue

Correct!

Wrong!

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which of the following should the nurse include when administering drugs by a nasogastric tube?

1. crush the drug before administering through a feeding tube

2. flush between drugs with 10 ml of sterile water

3. administer one drug with 30 ml of water

4. maintain the client in an upright position for 15 minutes following drug administration

Correct!

Wrong!

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which of the following principles of parenteral drug administration is a priority for the nurse to consider before administering a parenteral injection to a 2-year-old child?

1. apply emla (lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%) to the injection site 1 hour before administering the injection

2. lightly tap the injection site before administering the injection

3. administer up to 1 ml of the prescribed drug to the injection site

4. select the vastus lateralis for the administration of the drug

Correct!

Wrong!

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The nurse selects which of the following isotonic intravenous solutions for the primary purpose of promoting rehydration and elimination, while providing a good vehicle for potassium replacement?

1. sodium chloride 0.45%

2. dextrose 5% in water

3. dextrose 5% in 0.45% saline

4. ringer’s lactate

Correct!

Wrong!

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The nurse is preparing the client assignments for the day. which of the following assignments would be appropriate for the registered nurse (rn) to assign to a licensed practical nurse (lPn)?

1. administer a drug to a client who has an implantable intravenous infusion port

2. insert an angiocath into the medial antebrachial vein of a client going to surgery

3. instruct a client on the advantages of an autologous blood transfusion

4. discontinue a client’s peripheral iv site

Correct!

Wrong!

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The nurse prepares to hang which of the following for a client with thrombocytopenia?

1. whole blood

2. Packed red blood cells

3. Platelets

4. albumin

Correct!

Wrong!

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The nurse is caring for a client with an iv who is experiencing dyspnea, hypotension, a weak and rapid pulse, and a decreased level of consciousness, and who is becoming cyanotic. The priority nursing intervention is to:

1. notify the physician.

2. place the client in a Trendelenburg position.

3. administer oxygen.

4. discontinue the iv.

Correct!

Wrong!

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because a client is receiving fresh plasma, the nurse should evaluate which of the following laboratory results for the effectiveness of therapy?

1. hemoglobin and hematocrit

2. Platelets

3. Prothrombin (PT) and partial thromboplastin (PTT)

4. white blood cells

Correct!

Wrong!

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The nurse is teaching a class on controlled substances. which of the following should the nurse include in the class?

1. There is no accepted medical use for schedule i controlled substances

2. examples of schedule ii drugs include glutethimide (doriden), secobarbital (seconal), and hydrocodone with acetaminophen (vicodin)

3. schedule iii controlled substances have a high potential for abuse

4. schedule iv controlled substances are over- the-counter narcotics that must be sold by a registered pharmacist

Correct!

Wrong!

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The nurse prepares to administer meperidine (demerol) intramuscularly to an adult client by selecting which of the following needles?

1. 16 gauge

2. 18 gauge

3. 23 gauge

4. 26 gauge

Correct!

Wrong!

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when administering intravenous therapy to a client, it would be essential for the nurse to include which of the following aspects of the procedure?

1. make a time strip on the bag with a felt-tip marker

2. change the tubing every 24 hours

3. replace the intravenous solution with the same solution when the current solution runs out

4. avoid letting the intravenous solution hang more than 24 hours

Correct!

Wrong!

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The nurse should include which of the following in the administration of an intravenous solution?

1. select a microdrip chamber for medications administered to a pediatric client

2. set the end time of an infusion on a controller to initiate the alarm 20 minutes before the scheduled end time

3. select a macrodrip chamber for medications administered to a geriatric client

4. choose a volume-control administration set to deliver a large amount of an intravenous solution

Correct!

Wrong!

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after initiating intravenous therapy, a client experiences chills, headaches, backache, and a temperature of 38.3°c, or 101°f. The nurse should report this as which of the following types of intravenous reactions?

1. Phlebitis

2. Pyrogenic reaction

3. Thrombophlebitis

4. air embolism

Correct!

Wrong!

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which of the following is a priority for the nurse to perform on a client who has a thrombophlebitis?

1. apply warm, moist compresses to the area

2. document the appearance of the iv site

3. discontinue the iv

4. notify the physician

Correct!

Wrong!

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The nurse is observing another nurse start an intravenous infusion. which of the following would indicate the nurse starting the iv does not understand the procedure?

1. select a butterfly needle for an endoscopy procedure

2. select the scalp vein for an infant

3. cleanse the selected iv site with betadine followed by alcohol

4. use a venoscope to find a difficult vein

Correct!

Wrong!

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A client receiving a blood transfusion complains of chills, headache, backache, and sudden spikes in temperature. The priority nursing action is to:

1. flush the tubing with normal saline.

2. slow the transfusion.

3. discontinue the transfusion.

4. continue to monitor the client.

Correct!

Wrong!

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The nurse identifies which of the following orders as an intermittent intravenous infusion?

1. diazepam (valium) 5-mg iv push

2. 500 ml intralipids iv in 6 hours

3. Potassium chloride 20 meq in 1000 ml every 8 hours

4. ranitidine (zantac) 0.5 mg in 50 ml 0.9% nacl over 20 minutes every 6 hours

Correct!

Wrong!

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which of the following principles of intravenous push does the nurse consider before administering a drug by this route?

1. There is less of a risk of adverse reactions with the iv push route

2. The rate of iv push administration must be verified in a drug book

3. all iv push drugs must be diluted in 50 ml of nacl before administration

4. all iv push drugs should be administered within 1 minute or less

Correct!

Wrong!

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The nurse is observing another nurse administer blood. which of the following indicates to the observing nurse that the administering nurse does not understand blood administration?

1. run the blood slowly for the first 15 minutes at 20 drops per minute

2. establish the required flow rate after 15 minutes if no signs of a reaction

3. infuse the transfusion slowly over 6 hours

4. assess the vital signs every 30 minutes until 1 hour post transfusion

Correct!

Wrong!

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The nurse assesses which of the following clients to be most appropriate for the selection of the central venous catheter?

1. a client who is dehydrated with hypokalemia, requiring fluid and electrolyte replacement

2. a client who has cancer of the esophagus and is receiving chemotherapy

3. a client who has an infection and needs short-term antibiotics

4. a client who had gallbladder surgery and is experiencing post-op nausea

Correct!

Wrong!

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which of the following should the nurse include when caring for a client with a peripherally inserted central venous catheter (Picc)?

1. weigh the client daily

2. avoid taking the blood pressure in the arm on the side of the Picc

3. Take the temperature every 4 hours

4. monitor the client’s response to fluid and electrolyte therapy

Correct!

Wrong!

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The nurse is caring for a client with a central venous catheter who is experiencing chest pain, dyspnea, coughing, and apprehension. The nurse reports this as indicative of a(n)

1. infection.

2. thrombus.

3. phlebitis.

4. air embolism.

Correct!

Wrong!

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A student nurse asks the nurse where a peripherally inserted central catheter is inserted. which of the following is the appropriate response by the nurse?

1. subclavian vein

2. jugular vein

3. antecubital area of the basilic vein

4. directly into the superior vena cava

Correct!

Wrong!

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The nurse selects which of the following intravenous fluids to administer to a client who is very dehydrated with a serum potassium of 2.2 meq/l, sodium of 129 meq/l, and calcium of 7.5 mg/dl?

1. sodium chloride 0.45%

2. ringer’s lactate

3. dextrose 5% in water

4. dextrose 10% in water

Correct!

Wrong!

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which of the following evaluations does the nurse make when the venipuncture site has an observable swelling and is tender and cool to touch?

1. an infection has developed

2. bleeding into the surrounding tissue has occurred

3. The iv site has infiltrated

4. a phlebitis is developing

Correct!

Wrong!

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A client receiving continuous intravenous therapy is complaining of dyspnea, cough, and tachycardia. The nurse auscultates crackles bilaterally. in determining what action to take next, which of the following factors should the nurse consider?

1. The client is apprehensive about receiving continuous iv fluids

2. The client has developed a respiratory infection or pneumonia

3. The client is exhibiting signs of hypervolemia

4. The client is experiencing internal bleeding

Correct!

Wrong!

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which of the following solutions should the nurse administer to correct an excessive fluid loss and provide sodium chloride to a client?

1. dextrose 5% in water

2. sodium chloride 0.45%

3. ringer’s lactate

4. dextrose 5% in 0.45% normal saline

Correct!

Wrong!

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The nurse should perform which of the following centers for disease control and Prevention (cdc) guidelines to decrease intravascular infection resulting from intravenous therapy in adult clients?

1. routinely apply topical antimicrobial ointment to the insertion site of peripheral venous catheter

2. replace the iv tubing, including secondary tubing, and stopcocks every 24 hours

3. cleanse the skin site before the venipuncture with warm, soapy water

4. replace short peripheral venous catheter and rotate sites every 48 to 72 hours

Correct!

Wrong!

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which of the following should the nurse consider when selecting a site for venipuncture?

1. shave the insertion site and surrounding area

2. select a vein distal to a previously used venipuncture site

3. use the same finger to palpate a vein by pressing downward

4. apply the tourniquet 2 inches above the selected venipuncture site

Correct!

Wrong!

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which of the following gerontological considerations should the nurse include when selecting a venipuncture site and initiating intravenous therapy for an older adult client?

1. use a 22- to 24-gauge needle for the venipuncture

2. apply the tourniquet tightly and vigorously massage the selected vein

3. select a vein on the back of the dominant hand

4. secure the needle after the venipuncture with an adhesive tape and avoid covering the site

Correct!

Wrong!

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